Teotihuacán: Reflections on Myopia and Cultural Imperialsim

Excellent job Glenn – Thanks.

Coincidentally, this episode caught me reading the final chapter of a terrific book, “Subliminal, How Your Unconscious Mind Rules Your Behavior,” by Leonard Mlodinow.
This chapter discusses our susceptibility to self-delusion through “motivated reasoning” a largely unconscious cognitive process that injects the conscious with a genuine feeling of hewing to “pure logic,” but actually blinding one to the conflation of imagination with evidence and various biases and confabulations.  Below I quote a few passages and will link to a PDF of the entire chapter tomorrow. 

From Subliminal, Chapter 10.

“The psychologist Jonathan Haidt put it, there are two ways to get at the truth: the way of the scientist and the way of the lawyer. Scientists gather evidence, look for regularities, form theories explaining their observations, and test them. Attorneys begin with a conclusion they want to convince others of and then seek evidence that supports it, while also attempting to discredit evidence that doesn’t. The human mind is designed to be both a scientist and an attorney, both a conscious seeker of objective truth and an unconscious, impassioned advocate for what we want to believe. Together these approaches vie to create our worldview.”

“How easy is it for us to tailor reality to fit our desires? David Dunning has spent years pondering questions like that. A social psychologist at Cornell University, he has devoted much of his professional career to studying how and when people’s perception of reality is shaped by their preferences. Recent brain-imaging studies are beginning to shed light on how our brains create these unconscious biases. They show that when assessi ng emotionally relevant data, our brains automatically include our wants and dreams and desires.”

“Believing in what you desire to be true and then seeking evidence to justify it doesn’t seem to be the best approach to everyday decisions. For example, if you’re at the races, it is rational to bet on the horse you believe is fastest, but it doesn’t make sense to believe a horse is fastest because you bet on it… Still, even though the latter approach doesn’t make rational sense, it is the irrational choice that would probably make you happier. And the mind generally seems to opt for happy. In both these instances, the research indicates, it is the latter choice that people are likely to make.’ The “causal arrow” in human thought processes consistently tends to point from belief to evidence, not vice versa.”

“As it turns out, the brain is a decent scientist but an absolutely outstanding lawyer. The result is that in the struggle to fashion a coherent, convincing view of ourselves and the rest of the world, it is the impassioned advocate that usually wins over the truth seeker. We’ve seen in earlier chapters how the unconscious mind is a master at using limited data to construct a version of the world that appears realistic and complete to its partner, the conscious mind. Visual perception, memory, and even emotion are all constructs, made of a mix of raw, incomplete, and sometimes conflicting data.”

“Psychologists call the approach taken by our inner advocate “motivated reasoning.” … Fortunately, in accomplishing it, our minds have a great ally, an aspect of life whose importance we’ve encountered before: ambiguity. Ambiguity creates wiggle room in what may otherwise be inarguable truth, and our unconscious minds employ that wiggle room to build a narrative of ourselves, of others, and of our environment that makes the best of our fate, that fuels us in the good times, and gives us comfort in the bad.”

Glenn, as I detected a little bit of these symptoms in your argument, though you redeemed yourself in your final comments and self assessment.  Kudos on your uncertainty.

Lately I’ve been asking myself: Can a person believe something he doesn’t want to be true? Or, can a person not believe something she wants be true? This question makes me pause – at some point I didn’t want the Book of Mormon to be true and I’m not sure if that point arrived too soon in my investigation.  (Since then it seems the evidence against it is overwhelming … but I am stuck seeing that through feeling of not wanting it to be true.

During one pause I admitted to myself that I let relatively shallow annoyances pave the way for my leaving Mormonism well before I went looking for defensible reasons.  I found the meetings boring, the Bishop’s side-hugs patronizing, the home teaching nagging, the testimonies overreaching, and the organ music grating.  Such are the things life-changing choices are made of – at least before the justification mode kicks in.

Perhaps in order to approach truth – assuming that adequate clues are even available – a person has to stop giving a shit one way or the other and just settle for some  provisional assessment of probability, and then ultimately embrace the ultimate uncertainty that remains and try to have some fun and do some good before your dead and gone.  As you say, you/we could be wrong, but it’s fun digging into this stuff and trying to think straight(er) about it. 

Cheers,

” JT”

(FYI: An excellent complement to this book is Robert Burton’s “On Being Certain, Believing You Are Right Even When You’re Not.”)

I’m a nevermo PhD student in Latin American History. My area of expertise is Mexico. I knew the BoM had a Central America, Quetzalcoatl connection (I’ve been to his birthplace, BTW), for years. My exmo friend had her mind blown when she left the church- along with her husband– after serving a mission in San Diego and dealing mostly with Spanish-speaking immigrants. She was shocked that I knew there was this laughable connection. It makes me upset and sad that people think the beautiful, awe-inspiring, glorious temples, buildings, and monuments in Mexico and Central America were built by some fictional people. For me, it’s like the ancient aliens built the pyramids rubbish that is so popular with The History Channel crowd. I’m a long time listener of many of the other exmo podcasts. I’ve been combing through Infants for weeks now. For some reason as an academic I’m utterly fascinated with Mormonism as a uniquely American religion of its time that has had such an impact on the nation. I guess it helps when you have or had quite a few Mormons friends growing up, and you were never really quite sure what they believed. Do most people just not care or DARE to look outside scriptures? Is curiosity beaten out of you? Or is it arrogance? You’re Mormon, so therefore you do not need to look elsewhere for information on Mexican history because the BoM says the truth, and you already know it? I thoroughly enjoy Infants on Thrones. I can’t remember which podcast it was but someone asked if any non-Mormons actually listened. I do! There’s at least one! Although, my Mormon very old landlord did invite me to a singles ward to “meet some nice young people,” so you never know haha
Keep up the fantastic work!